JOGL - Coloring

This chapter teaches you how to apply colours to the objects using JOGL. To apply colour to an object, use the method glColor() of GL2. Below given is the syntax for using glColor method.

Syntax

gl.glColorXY(1f,0f,0f); 

where,

• X denotes the number of colours used, 3 (red, green, blue) or 4(red, green, blue, alpha). To get various colour combinations, the values of these colours are passed as parameters. The sequence of the colour parameters must be maintained in that order.
  Example
  If you pass colour values as (1, 0, 0), then you get red colour. Similarly, (1, 1, 0) gives you yellow colour.
• Y denotes the data type which accepts parameters such as byte(b), double(d), float(f), int(i), short(s), ubyte(ub), uint(ui), and ushort(us).

gl.glColor3f(1f,0f,0f);   //gives us red          
gl.glColor3f(0f,1f,0f);   //gives us green            
gl.glColor3f(0f,0f,1f);   //gives us blue

In case of triangle, you can apply different colors for each vertex.
Let us go through the program to apply colors to a triangle −

import javax.media.opengl.GL2; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile; 
import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas; 

import javax.swing.JFrame; 
 
public class TriangleColor implements GLEventListener { 

   @Override 
   public void display( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) { 
   
      final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(); 
      gl.glBegin( GL2.GL_TRIANGLES );  
      
      // Drawing Using Triangles 
    
      gl.glColor3f( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );   // Red 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,0.7f,0.0f );    // Top 
  
      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f );     // green 
      gl.glVertex3f( -0.2f,-0.50f,0.0f ); // Bottom Left 
  
      gl.glColor3f( 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f );     // blue 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f );   // Bottom Right 
  
      gl.glEnd();         
   } 
   
   @Override 
   public void dispose( GLAutoDrawable arg0 ) { 
      //method body 
   } 
   
   @Override 
   public void init( GLAutoDrawable arg0 ) { 
      // method body    
   }
   
   @Override 
   public void reshape( GLAutoDrawable arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3, int arg4 ) { 
      // method body 
   } 
   
   public static void main( String[] args ) {    
   
      //getting the capabilities object of GL2 profile
      final GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get( GLProfile.GL2 ); 
      GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile);
          
      // The canvas  
      final GLCanvas glcanvas = new GLCanvas( capabilities ); 
      TriangleColor triangle = new TriangleColor(); 
      glcanvas.addGLEventListener( triangle ); 
      glcanvas.setSize( 400, 400 );   
      
      //creating frame 
      final JFrame frame = new JFrame (" Colored Triangle"); 
          
      //adding canvas to it 
      frame.getContentPane().add( glcanvas ); 
      frame.setSize( frame.getContentPane().getPreferredSize()); 
      frame.setVisible( true );   
      
   } //end of main
 
} //end of class 

When you compile and execute the above program, you get the following colored triangle −

Applying Color to a Polygon

Let us go through the program to apply colors to a polygon −

import javax.media.opengl.GL2; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener; 
import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile; 
import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas; 

import javax.swing.JFrame; 

public class PolygonColor implements GLEventListener { 

   @Override 
   public void display( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) { 
   
      final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(); 
      gl.glColor3f( 1f,0f,0f ); //applying red  
  
      gl.glBegin( GL2.GL_POLYGON ); 
      
      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,0.5f,0f  ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( -0.5f,0.2f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( -0.5f,-0.2f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,-0.5f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,0.5f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,0.2f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0.5f,-0.2f,0f ); 
      gl.glVertex3f( 0f,-0.5f,0f ); 
      
      gl.glEnd(); 
   }
   
   @Override 
   public void dispose( GLAutoDrawable arg0 ) { 
      //method body 
   } 
   
   @Override 
   public void init( GLAutoDrawable arg0 ) {   
      // method body 
   } 
   
   @Override 
   public void reshape( GLAutoDrawable arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3, int arg4 ) {    
      // method body 
   } 
   
   public static void main( String[] args ) { 
   
      //getting the capabilities object of GL2 profile  
      final GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get( GLProfile.GL2 ); 
      GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile); 
      
      // The canvas  
      final GLCanvas glcanvas = new GLCanvas( capabilities ); 
      PolygonColor polygon = new PolygonColor(); 
      glcanvas.addGLEventListener( polygon ); 
      glcanvas.setSize( 400, 400 ); 
      
      //creating frame 
      final JFrame frame = new JFrame ( "Colored Polygon" ); 
      
      //adding canvas to frame 
      frame.getContentPane().add( glcanvas ); 
      frame.setSize(frame.getContentPane().getPreferredSize() ); 
      frame.setVisible( true );    
      
   } //end of main 
 
 } //end of class 

When you compile and execute the above program, you get the following coloured Polygon −