JavaFX - Transformations

Transformation means changing some graphics into something else by applying rules. We can have various types of transformations such as Translation, Scaling Up or Down, Rotation, Shearing, etc.
Using JavaFX, you can apply transformations on nodes such as rotation, scaling and translation. All these transformations are represented by various classes and these belong to the package
javafx.scene.transform.

S.No	Transformation & Description
1	Rotation In rotation, we rotate the object at a particular angle θ (theta) from its origin.
2	Scaling To change the size of an object, scaling transformation is used.
3	Translation Moves an object to a different position on the screen.
4	Shearing A transformation that slants the shape of an object is called the Shear Transformation.

Multiple Transformations

You can also apply multiple transformations on nodes in JavaFX. The following program is an example which performs Rotation, Scaling and Translation transformations on a rectangle simultaneously.
Save this code in a file with the name −
MultipleTransformationsExample.java.

import javafx.application.Application; 
import javafx.scene.Group; 
import javafx.scene.Scene; 
import javafx.scene.paint.Color; 
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle; 
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate; 
import javafx.scene.transform.Scale; 
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
         
public class MultipleTransformationsExample extends Application { 
   @Override 
   public void start(Stage stage) { 
      //Drawing a Rectangle
      Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(50, 50, 100, 75); 
      
      //Setting the color of the rectangle 
      rectangle.setFill(Color.BURLYWOOD); 
      
      //Setting the stroke color of the rectangle 
      rectangle.setStroke(Color.BLACK); 
       
      //creating the rotation transformation 
      Rotate rotate = new Rotate(); 
      
      //Setting the angle for the rotation 
      rotate.setAngle(20); 
      
      //Setting pivot points for the rotation 
      rotate.setPivotX(150); 
      rotate.setPivotY(225); 
       
      //Creating the scale transformation 
      Scale scale = new Scale(); 
      
      //Setting the dimensions for the transformation 
      scale.setX(1.5); 
      scale.setY(1.5); 
      
      //Setting the pivot point for the transformation 
      scale.setPivotX(300); 
      scale.setPivotY(135); 
       
      //Creating the translation transformation 
      Translate translate = new Translate();       
      
      //Setting the X,Y,Z coordinates to apply the translation 
      translate.setX(250); 
      translate.setY(0); 
      translate.setZ(0); 
       
      //Adding all the transformations to the rectangle 
      rectangle.getTransforms().addAll(rotate, scale, translate); 
        
      //Creating a Group object  
      Group root = new Group(rectangle); 
      
      //Creating a scene object 
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 300);  
      
      //Setting title to the Stage 
      stage.setTitle("Multiple transformations"); 
         
      //Adding scene to the stage 
      stage.setScene(scene); 
         
      //Displaying the contents of the stage 
      stage.show(); 
   }      
   public static void main(String args[]){ 
      launch(args); 
   } 
}

Compile and execute the saved java file from the command prompt using the following commands.

javac MultipleTransformationsExample.java 
java MultipleTransformationsExample 

On executing, the above program generates a JavaFX window as shown below.

Transformations on 3D Objects

You can also apply transformations on 3D objects. Following is an example which rotates and translates a 3-Dimensional box.
Save this code in a file with the name RotationExample3D.java.

import javafx.application.Application; 
import javafx.scene.Group; 
import javafx.scene.Scene; 
import javafx.scene.shape.Box; 
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate; 
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
         
public class RotationExample3D extends Application { 
   @Override 
   public void start(Stage stage) { 
      //Drawing a Box 
      Box box = new Box();  
      
      //Setting the properties of the Box 
      box.setWidth(150.0); 
      box.setHeight(150.0);   
      box.setDepth(150.0);       
       
      //Creating the translation transformation 
      Translate translate = new Translate();       
      translate.setX(400); 
      translate.setY(150); 
      translate.setZ(25);  
       
      Rotate rxBox = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.X_AXIS); 
      Rotate ryBox = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Y_AXIS); 
      Rotate rzBox = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Z_AXIS); 
      rxBox.setAngle(30); 
      ryBox.setAngle(50); 
      rzBox.setAngle(30); 
      box.getTransforms().addAll(translate,rxBox, ryBox, rzBox); 
        
      //Creating a Group object  
      Group root = new Group(box); 
         
      //Creating a scene object 
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 300);  
      
      //Setting title to the Stage 
      stage.setTitle("Drawing a cylinder"); 
         
      //Adding scene to the stage 
      stage.setScene(scene); 
         
      //Displaying the contents of the stage 
      stage.show(); 
   }      
   public static void main(String args[]){ 
      launch(args); 
   } 
}

Compile and execute the saved java file from the command prompt using the following commands.

javac RotationExample3D.java 
java RotationExample3D 

On executing, the above program generates a JavaFX window as shown below.