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Sunday, March 19, 2017

WebSockets - JavaScript Application

The following program code describes the working of a chat application using JavaScript and Web Socket protocol.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang = "en">

   <head>
      <meta charset = utf-8>
      <title>HTML5 Chat</title>
		
      <body>
		
         <section id = "wrapper">
			
            <header>
               <h1>HTML5 Chat</h1>
            </header>
				
            <style>
               #chat { width: 97%; }
               .message { font-weight: bold; }
               .message:before { content: ' '; color: #bbb; font-size: 14px; }
					
               #log {
                  overflow: auto;
                  max-height: 300px;
                  list-style: none;
                  padding: 0;
               }
					
               #log li {
                  border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
                  margin: 0;
                  padding: 10px 0;
               }
					
               body {
                  font: normal 16px/20px "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif;
                  background: rgb(237, 237, 236);
                  margin: 0;
                  margin-top: 40px;
                  padding: 0;
               }
					
               section, header {
                  display: block;
               }
					
               #wrapper {
                  width: 600px;
                  margin: 0 auto;
                  background: #fff;
                  border-radius: 10px;
                  border-top: 1px solid #fff;
                  padding-bottom: 16px;
               }
					
               h1 {
                  padding-top: 10px;
               }
					
               h2 {
                  font-size: 100%;
                  font-style: italic;
               }
					
               header, article > * {
                  margin: 20px;
               }
					
               #status {
                  padding: 5px;
                  color: #fff;
                  background: #ccc;
               }
					
               #status.fail {
                  background: #c00;
               }
					
               #status.success {
                  background: #0c0;
               }
					
               #status.offline {
                  background: #c00;
               }
					
               #status.online {
                  background: #0c0;
               }
					
               #html5badge {
                  margin-left: -30px;
                  border: 0;
               }
					
               #html5badge img {
                  border: 0;
               }
            </style>
				
            <article>
				
               <form onsubmit = "addMessage(); return false;">
                  <input type = "text" id = "chat" placeholder = "type and press 
                  enter to chat" />
               </form>
					
               <p id = "status">Not connected</p>
               <p>Users connected: <span id = "connected">0
                  </span></p>
               <ul id = "log"></ul>
					
            </article>
				
            <script>
               connected = document.getElementById("connected");
               log = document.getElementById("log");
               chat = document.getElementById("chat");
               form = chat.form;
               state = document.getElementById("status");
					
               if (window.WebSocket === undefined) {
                  state.innerHTML = "sockets not supported";
                  state.className = "fail";
               }else {
                  if (typeof String.prototype.startsWith != "function") {
                     String.prototype.startsWith = function (str) {
                        return this.indexOf(str) == 0;
                     };
                  }
						
                  window.addEventListener("load", onLoad, false);
               }
					
               function onLoad() {
                  var wsUri = "ws://127.0.0.1:7777";
                  websocket = new WebSocket(wsUri);
                  websocket.onopen = function(evt) { onOpen(evt) };
                  websocket.onclose = function(evt) { onClose(evt) };
                  websocket.onmessage = function(evt) { onMessage(evt) };
                  websocket.onerror = function(evt) { onError(evt) };
               }
					
               function onOpen(evt) {
                  state.className = "success";
                  state.innerHTML = "Connected to server";
               }
					
               function onClose(evt) {
                  state.className = "fail";
                  state.innerHTML = "Not connected";
                  connected.innerHTML = "0";
               }
					
               function onMessage(evt) {
                  // There are two types of messages:
                  // 1. a chat participant message itself
                  // 2. a message with a number of connected chat participants
                  var message = evt.data;
						
                  if (message.startsWith("log:")) {
                     message = message.slice("log:".length);
                     log.innerHTML = '<li class = "message">' + 
                        message + "</li>" + log.innerHTML;
                  }else if (message.startsWith("connected:")) {
                     message = message.slice("connected:".length);
                     connected.innerHTML = message;
                  }
               }
					
               function onError(evt) {
                  state.className = "fail";
                  state.innerHTML = "Communication error";
               }
					
               function addMessage() {
                  var message = chat.value;
                  chat.value = "";
                  websocket.send(message);
               }
					
            </script>
				
         </section>
			
      </body>
		
   </head>	
	
</html>
The key features and the output of the chat application are discussed below −
To test, open the two windows with Web Socket support, type a message above and press return. This would enable the feature of chat application.
If the connection is not established, the output is available as shown below.
HTML5 Chat The output of a successful chat communication is shown below.
Browser Support
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